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2004 Equine Spring Vaccination Recommendations
- Tetanus toxoid - Tetanus is a disease
caused by the toxin produced by the bacterial organism Clostridium tetani.
Horses are among the most sensitive of all animals to this toxin. This
innoculation should be given yearly to all horses.
- Eastern/Western Equine Encephalomyelitis
- Eastern and Western encephalomyelitis are diseases caused by arboviruses
found in birds and carried by mosquitos. Vaccination should be yearly in
horses.
- Rhinopneumonitis (see
Viral Respiratory Diseases) - is an upper respiratory disease in
horses caused by a herpes virus. There are possible neurologic forms of the
disease as well as abortions in pregnant mares. Horses at risk for this
disease should be vaccinated every 3-6 months.
- West Nile Virus (see
West Nile Virus) - West Nile Virus is a new disease to the United
States and has rapidly moved across the country. It causes severe neurologic
signs in horses and can have residual effects. Horses should be vaccinated
prior to mosquito season and every six months in areas that have long mosquito
seasons.
- Intranasal Influenza
see Viral Respiratory Diseases
- Influenza is an upper respiratory infection of horses caused by a virus. The
intranasal form of vaccination is very effective and should be done every six
months.
- Intranasal Strangles - Strangles
is a respiratory disease of horses caused by the bacteria Streptococcus
equi. Infection with this organism can cause high fever, difficulty
breathing and swallowing, swollen lymph nodes and abscessation. This can be a
mild or very severe disease and is highly contagious. Innoculation is
recommended yearly in the spring.
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